Tenebrae

________________
Solesmes produced two books especially for the celebrations of Holy Week:
- OHS = 1961 Ordo Hebdomadae Sanctae (Desclée No. 823), from the Roman Breviary,
- OHM = 1961 Ordo Hebdomadae Sanctae Iuxta Ritum Monasticum (Desclée No. 826), from the Monastic Breviary.
There are differences between OHS and OHM and this page details some of them:
- antiphons might have a different melody or a different mode,
- with a different or transposed psalm tone,
- verses might have the flex (†) or the division (*) at a different position.
Normally the responsories and lessons are identical.

The third book and most common one is the Liber Usualis which follows the Roman Breviary, so identical to OHS.
Finally: be aware that most of the videos for Tenebrae display the melody from the Liber Usualis, although the recordings are from the monastic OHM...
________________
General comments on Tenebrae:

Difficult responsories are:
- Maundy Thursday: 3. Ecce vidimus and 8. Una hora.
- Good Friday: 1. Omnes amici mei, 5. Tenebrae, 6. Animam meam and 8. Jesum tradidit.
- Holy Saturday: 1. Sicut ovis, 4. Recessit pastor, 6. Ecce quomodo moritur and 8. Aestimatus sum.

Hour	Maundy Thu	Good Fri	Holy Sat
Matins Nocturn `I`	68 8c 69 8c 70 8c R.8 R.8 R.5	2 8G 21 8G 26 8G R.3 R.2 R.8	4 8G 14 4E 15 7c R.4 R.5 R.5
Matins Nocturn `II`	71 7c 72 8c 73 1g R.8 R.2 R.8	37 8G 39 4A* 53 4A* R.8 R.7 R.8	23 5a 26 4E 29 8G R.7 R.8 R.4
Matins Nocturn `III`	74 7c 75 8c 76 7a R.7 R.7 R.1	58 1f 87 8G 93 8G R.6 R.8 R.5	53 8G 75 7a 87 4d R.4 R.4 R.2

Lauds `II` (penitential)	50 8G 89 2D 35 8G Moses 4A* 146 2D	50 7c 142 4E 84 1f Habac.1f 147 8G	50 4c 91 4A* 63 7b Ezech 2D 150 8c
Hour	Maundy Thu	Good Fri	Holy Sat

Matins
Nocturn
I

68  8c
69  8c
70  8c

R.8
R.8
R.5

  2   8G
21  8G
26  8G

R.3
R.2
R.8

  4   8G
14  4E
15  7c

R.4
R.5
R.5

Matins
Nocturn
II

71  7c
72  8c
73  1g

R.8
R.2
R.8

37  8G
39  4A*
53  4A*

R.8
R.7
R.8

23  5a
26  4E
29  8G

R.7
R.8
R.4

Matins
Nocturn
III

74  7c
75  8c
76  7a

R.7
R.7
R.1

58  1f
87  8G
93  8G

R.6
R.8
R.5

53  8G
75  7a
87  4d

R.4
R.4
R.2

Lauds II
(penitential)

50    8G
89    2D
35    8G
Moses 4A*
146   2D

50    7c
142   4E
84    1f
Habac.1f
147   8G

50    4c
91    4A*
63    7b
Ezech 2D
150   8c

Rubric	mode / tone	LU 1961	OHS 1961	OHM 1961	Comments

Maundy Thursday - Tenebrae Matins
- 1st Nocturn		LU626	OHS87	OHM87
1 Ant. Zelus domus tuae Ps. 68. Salvum me fac Deus	8c	LU626 GB2297	OHS87	OHM87	A/B♭ Zeal for Your house * has eaten me up, and the insults of those who blaspheme You fall upon me. - Practice the pronunciation of the word exprobrantium beforehand.
2 Ant. Avertantur retrorsum Ps. 69. Deus in adjutorium	8c	LU628 GB2765	OHS90	OHM90	A/B♭ Let them be turned back * and disgraced, who desire My ruin. - Watch out the drop down a third AF at the word cogitant.
3 Ant. Deus meus eripe me Ps. 70. In te Domine speravi... et eripe	8c	LU629 GB2406	OHS91	OHM91	A/B♭ O My God, * rescue Me from the hand of the sinner. - OHS and OHM are different on verses 8. Depending on the position of the flex. - OHS has a flex on verse 17 and 21 which OHM hasn't. - Watch out the drop down a third AF at the word peccatoris.
V. Avertantur retrorsum		LU630	OHS94	OHM94
Pater Noster in silence		LU631	OHS94	OHM94
Lesson `I`. Incipit Lamentatio Jeremiae Prophetae. ALEPH.	F	LU631	OHS94	OHM94	Giovanni Vianini sings the lesson in Mozarabic chant.
1 Resp. In monte Oliveti	8	LU633 GB3170	OHS96	OHM96	E/F R. On the Mount of Olives He prayed to the Father, "Father, if it is possible, let this cup pass away from Me." * "The spirit indeed is willing, but the flesh is weak." V. Watch and pray, that you may not enter into temptation. The spirit..." - After playing the few notes G-A for the incipit, play top C as well to show where it goes. - First difficulty on the word potest: after it goes up to C it goes down to A and not G, it is tempting to sing G. Regroup at the prolongated episemed A before moving on. - Curiosity on the word iste: the quilisma note is at the same level as the note before. It is common to find this type of neumes in the responsories. Sing the quilisma note as pulling the melody to the next. - After the word vigilitate watch out the third up GB.
Lesson `II`. VAU. Et egressus est a filia Sion	F	LU633	OHS97	OHM97
2 Resp. Tristis est	8	LU635 GB3106	OHS99	OHM99	D/E♭ R. "My soul is sad, even unto death. Wait here and watch with Me. Now you will see the crowd that will surround Me. * You shall flee, and I will go to be sacrificed for you. V. Behold, the hour is at hand, and the Son of Man will be betrayed into the hands of sinners. You..." - Here too, after playing the notes F-G for the incipit, play A-F-A-C to show where it goes. - At the words et vigilate the drop from C to AGF should not be difficult but stay focused... - No interruption between vos fugam and capietis.
Lesson `III`. JOD. Manum suam misit hostis	F	LU636	OHS100	OHM100
3 Resp. Ecce vidimus	5	LU637 GB3130	OHS102	OHM102	G♯/A R. There was in Him no stately bearing to make us look at Him, nor appearance that would attract us to Him. This is He who has borne our sins, and who grieves for us. But He was pierced for our offences; * By His stripes we are healed. V. Yet it was our infirmities that He bore, our sufferings that He endured. By His... There... - Now we enter the "danger zone", a responsory a bit more difficult than average. - First of all be sure to master the incipit it will come back in the end. - The word ecce has the double "cc" which you pronounce t-ch, more than a single "c" like in "Church". - Be careful to remember this very important B flat on the word decorem, it gives a special flavour to this piece. It comes back a few times in the next phrase. - After non est: breathe and jump a fifth on hic to reach gently top F. - Very long episema over the word portavit: emphasise mostly the first note of each neume. - Still on the word portavit: notice the note B is back to B natural. - The next phrase has another type of unusual quilisma: the one where the note after the quilisma is a minor third higher. - Sanati sumus starts on B flat, expressing again this strange flavour encountered before. Strangely it is one of the few notes one remembers year after year when singing this responsory... - In the end, after you sing a second time Cujus livore sanati sumus you go back to the beginning and there is a big difficulty: sumus ends on D and Ecce starts on B, that makes a strange interval of six semitones, between a fourth and a fifth. My trick? Visualise/sing the fifth in your head and lower down a semitone. Of course it will be easier if you remember the incipit by heart.

- 2nd Nocturn		LU638	OHS103	OHM103
1 Ant. Liberavit Dominus Ps. 71. Deus judicium tuum	7c	LU638 GB2123	OHS103		G/B♭ The Lord freed * the poor man from the mighty, and the needy whom no one will help. - Roman version in OHS and Liber Usualis: normal psalm tone 7c, tenor is D, final is C.
7f			OHM103	G/B♭ - OHM has a transposed melody, to a psalm tone which could be identified as ' 7f ': tenor is G, final is F. Listen to the recording: although it is not written, they flatten the top B. So the melody should be similar. - OHM has a flex on verse 20 which OHS hasn't.
2 Ant. Cogitaverunt impii Ps. 72. Quam bonus Israël Deus	8c	LU639 GB2002	OHS105	OHM105	A/B♭ The wicked thought * and spoke evil; sin from on high they have uttered.
3 Ant. Exsurge, Domine Ps. 73. Ut quid Deus repulisti	1g	LU641 GB2972	OHS107	OHM107	F/F♯ Arise, O Lord, * and defend my cause. - OHM has a flex on verse 23 which OHS hasn't. - First difficulty on this one: getting use to psalm tone 1 when all the previous psalms so far have been in psalm tone 8 and 7. I recommend to play all the notes of the incipit on this one to hear the main notes F-G-A. - Watch out the episemed E on "ca" in the word judica.
V. Deus meus, eripe me		LU642	OHS109	OHM109
Pater Noster in silence
Lesson `IV`. Exaudi...		LU643	OHS109	OHM109
4 Resp. Amicus meus	8	LU643 GB3155	OHS110	OHM110	E/F R. "My friend has betrayed Me with a kiss for a signal: 'Whomever I kiss, that is Ke; lay hold of Him.' That was the evil sign he gave, committing murder by a kiss. * The unhappy man threw away the money that was paid for blood, and finally hanged himself with a halter. V. It were better for that man if he had not been born. The unhappy..." - Not particularly difficult, no difficult interval... - Maybe something to remember on the homocidium: at the syllable "mi" it comes back to G, same note as two notes before. - Do not forget the "s" before "pendit" at the word suspendit. - As well as the "x" at the end of Infelix.
Lesson `V`. Utinam...		LU644	OHS111	OHM111
5 Resp. Judas mercator	2	LU644 GB3059	OHS111	OHM111	E/F R. Judas, a wretched traitor, betrayed the Lord with a kiss. The Lord, an innocent Lamb, did not refuse the kiss from Judas. * For a handful of coins he delivered Christ to the Jews. V. It were better for him if he had never been born. For... - No difficulty on this one; classic mode 2 railed over D and F.
Lesson `VI`. Quoniam...		LU645	OHS112	OHM112
6 Resp. Unus ex discipulis	8	LU645 GB3087	OHS112	OHM112	E/F R. "One of My disciples will betray Me today. Woe to that man by whom I shall be betrayed! * It were better for him if he had not been born. V. He who dips his hand with Me in the dish, he will betray Me into the hands of sinners. It... One..." - Lovely fifth down DG at Vae illi. Watch out the unusual episema on C at the porrectus. - The passing of notes on the words Melius illi works better if you decompose them as two groups: FGA like Do-Re-Mi and FAC like Do-Mi-Sol (major chord). - Notice the long episemed double C at the beginning of the word fuisset, don't rush it.

- 3rd Nocturn		LU646	OHS113	OHM113
1 Ant. Dixi iniquis Ps. 74. Confitebimur tibi	7c	LU646 GB2931	OHS113	OHM113	G/B♭ I said to the wicked, * "Speak not iniquity against God." - The antiphon melody as it starts sounds the same as the 4th Ant. Sit nomen Domini at Sunday Vespers. - Lovely drop a fourth AE on the word Deum.
2 Ant. Terra tremuit Ps. 75. Notus in Judaea	8c	LU647 GB1882	OHS114	OHM114	A/B♭ The earth trembled * and fell still when God arose for judgement. - Give a trembling effect on the various "r" of Terra tremuit, but not too much.
3 Ant. In die tribulationis Ps. 76. Voce mea ad Dominum... et intendit	7a	LU647 GB2535	OHS116	OHM116	C/E♭ In the day of My distress * I lifted up My hands to God. - OHM has a flex on verse 3 which OHS hasn't. - The incipit sounds the same as the Ant. In paradisum from the Requiem Mass. - Difficult third up GB at "si" on the word exquisivi, remember the note B starting the word. This third is also the same as the one starting the antiphon.
V. Exsurge, Domine		LU649	OHS117	OHM117
Pater Noster in silence
Lesson `VII`. Hoc...		LU649	OHS118	OHM118
7 Resp. Eram quasi agnus	7	LU649 GB3144	OHS118	OHM118	D/E♭ R. Yet I, like an innocent lamb led to slaughter, had not realized that My enemies were hatching plots against Me: * "Come, let us destroy the tree in its vigour; let us cut Him off from the land of the living." V. All My enemies contemplated evil against Me; they decided on an evil plan against Me, saying, "Come..." - Careful at the word nesciebam: after the start on a fourth GC it is tempting to come back to G after C when it only goes down a minor third CA, on the next two occasions. - Lovely fifth GD at consilium, built on mode 7 final and tenor. - The word adversum has a not so easy third down AF, followed by G and back to A, before jumping again to C. - On the word viventium do not forget to pronounce the "ti" as "tsi". - Jump a fifth GD from the end of the antiphon to the beginning of the verse, same fifth as consilium. - The verse recitates on C at first, then raises to D at the second part. - The transition between the end of the verse and the repetition of half the antiphon (Venite...) is a 3rd down BG but it should not be difficult.
Lesson `VIII`. Ego...		LU650	OHS119	OHM119
8 Resp. Una hora	7	LU650 GB3197	OHS120	OHM120	A/B♭ R. "Could you not watch one hour with Me, after exhorting one another to die for Me? * Or do you not see Judas? He is not sleeping, but is hurrying to betray Me to the Jews. V. Why do you sleep? Rise and pray, that you may not enter into temptation. Or..." - The incipit has a similar pattern as the previous responsory. - Notice how the staff is built: some notes go over the 1st line which is an E so the next note will be an F, semitone higher than E. Then the next one with an additional line is a G, tone higher than F. - Considering that, the phrase qui exhortabamini mori pro me needs some work. - It starts on a classic fifth GD higher than mecum, continues on a simple second DE followed by a normal CDE but then a minor third jump to G. - The difficulty comes onto "ba": there is a second down GF (two semitones), not a semitone, not a minor third (three semitones); you quickly come back to G so the effect of making a mistake here will be reduced, but if you can sing that F right it will show you master the high notes of chant. - It continues by a torculus EFE on "mi" with a semitone in between, as mentioned above? - The next "ni" should not be too difficult, descending the notes, but be prepared for the next mori by the 'major chord' jump CEG; eventually remember the quilisma is placed a semitone higher than the previous notes and a tone lower than the following note, which is the opposite of a normal quilisma usually placed a semitone lower than the following note. - Vel Iudam starts on B, a minor third down DB after the previous pro me, but then comes back to D in case you are lost; also its second torculus is again EFE with a semitone in between. - On "de" of videtis you start on G and you may be tempted to come back to G on the porrectus, instead of A. At least there is an episema to regroup. - The verse has similar patterns as the one from the previous responsory.
Lesson `IX`. Itaque...		LU651	OHS120	OHM120
9 Resp. Seniores	1	LU651 GB3129	OHS121	OHM121	D/E♭ R. The elders of the people took counsel together * How they might seize Jesus by stealth and put Him to death. With swords and clubs they went out as against a robber. V. The chief priests and the Pharisees gathered together a council, How... The elders...
Maundy Thursday - Tenebrae Lauds
1 Ant. Justificeris Domine Ps. 50. Miserere mei Deus secundum	8G	LU652 GB2046	OHS122		E/F May You be vindicated, * O Lord, in Your words, and be victorious when You are judged. - Watch out the third down AF between vincas and cum.
		OHM122	E/F - OHM has a different melody from OHS.
2 Ant. Dominus tamquam ovis Ps. 89. Domine refugium factus es	2D	LU653 GB2709	OHS124		F♯/G The Lord * was led as a lamb to the slaughter, and He opened not His mouth. - OHS has an interrogation mark after the word usquequo on verse 15... - You may find difficult to pitch the F at the beginning of aperuit. Eventually you can memorize the two F from victimam ductus.
		OHM124	F♯/G - OHM has a different melody from OHS. - The psalm tone has a different ending.
3 Ant. Contritum est cor meum Ps. 35. Dixit injustus	8G	LU654 GB2792	OHS125		F♯/G My heart * is broken within Me; all My bones have trembled. - Notice the unusual B flat on mei. - The words omnia ossa mea start with a gentle descending GFED, then don't forget to come back to F with a minor third DF.
		OHM125	F♯/G - OHM has a different melody from OHS. - OHM has a flex on verse 4 which OHS hasn't.
4 Ant. Exhortatus es Cant. Moysi	4A*	LU655 GB2641	OHS127		D/E♭ You have exhorted us, * O Lord, by Your strength, and in Your holy banquet. - Melody similar to the Ant. Angelus Domini (see here). - There is possibly a mistake at the end of the psalm tone: mode 4A* normally ends on a double dotted A/B. - v1: watch out the diphthong "ie".
		OHM127	D/E♭ - OHM has a different melody from OHS. - OHM has a flex on verses 5 and 12 which OHS hasn't.
5 Ant. Oblatus est Ps. 146. Laudate Dominum quoniam	2D	LU657 GB2545	OHS129		A/B♭ He was offered * because it was His own will; and He Himself bore our sins. - On the words et peccata do not go back too low, remember to stay on F.
		OHM129	A/B♭ - OHM has a different melody from OHS. - The psalm tone has a different ending.
- No chapter
- No hymn
V. Homo pacis meae		LU658	OHS130	OHM130
Ant Bene. Traditor autem Cant. Benedictus	1g	LU658 GB2458	OHS131		F/F♯ Now His betrayer * had given them a sign, saying, "Whomever I kiss, that is He; lay hold of Him." - Maybe one difficulty at word eis: starting a minor third GE lower than dedit. - Also remember to not pause on top of the fifth unlike other pieces in mode 1 starting the same way, like Intr. Gaudeamus.
		OHM131	F/F♯ - OHM has a different melody from OHS; among other things: B natural on autem when OHS and Liber Usualis have a B flat. On the video they sing B natural although they display the melody from the Liber Usualis, which has a B flat... I think it sounds better with a B flat.
Ant. Christus factus est Philipp. 2, 8-9.	5	LU659 GB1862	OHS136	OHM136	D/E♭ All kneel and sing. 1) Only the first part is sung. 2) Then at Tenebrae/Lauds on Good Friday a second part is added: Mortem autem crucis. 3) Finally at Tenebrae/Lauds on Holy Saturday a third part is added: Propter quod et Deus, the whole piece is sung. This antiphon is sung as a gradual at Maundy Thursday Solemn Evening Mass (Graduale Romanum page 202).
+ Mortem autem crucis	5	LU659	OHS136	OHM136	Added on Good Friday. Errata in English Liber Usualis: Mortem autem crucis is not added on Thursday but Friday.
+ Propter quod et Deus	5	LU659	OHS136	OHM136	Added on Holy Saturday. Errata in English Liber Usualis: Propter quod et Deus is not added on Friday but Saturday.
Pater Noster in silence		LU660	OHS136	OHM136
Respice	B	LU660	OHS136	OHM136	Do not say Oremus.

Good Friday - Tenebrae Matins
- 1st Nocturn		LU688	OHS199	OHM199
1 Ant. Astiterunt reges Ps. 2. Quare fremuerunt gentes	8G	LU688 GB2121	OHS199	OHM199	E/F The kings of the earth have taken their stand, * the princes have gathered as one against the Lord and against His anointed. - Notice the B flat on terrae, unusual in mode 8. - Watch out the third down BG on Dominum. - Those who use the Liber Usualis: the psalm is taken from page 371 and you must remember to not sing the Gloria Patri at the end. - v3. proiciamus is pronounced pro-i-tchi-a-mus, separate the "o" and the "i".
2 Ant. Diviserunt sibi Ps. 21. Deus, Deus meus, respice	8G	LU688 GB2800	OHS201	OHM201	E/F They divided * My garments among them, and for My vesture they cast lots. - OHS and OHM distribute differently the words on verses 9 and 10. - OHM has a flex on verses 19 and 34 which OHS hasn't. - Between the words vestem and meam, try to distinctively separate the two "m". - v3. laus starts on B, straight away to the termination.
3 Ant. Insurrexerunt in me Ps. 26. Dominus illuminatio mea	8G	LU690 GB2705	OHS203	OHM203	E/F False witnesses * have risen up against Me, and iniquity has lied to itself. - OHM has a flex on verse 18 which OHS hasn't. - Watch out the move from G to A on "xe" of insurrexerunt. - Maybe it is a good idea to pitch C before starting the antiphon so to see where it goes.
V. Diviserunt sibi		LU691	OHS205	OHM205
Pater Noster in silence
Lesson `I`. De Lamentatione. HETH. (Cogitavit Dominus)	F	LU692	OHS206	OHM206
1 Resp. Omnes amici mei	3	LU693 GB3112	OHS207	OHM207	E/F R. All My friends have forsaken Me, and those who lay in ambush for Me have prevailed against Me; one whom I loved has betrayed Me. * And with terrifying looks they have inflicted cruel wounds on Me, and have given Me vinegar to drink. V. They have cast Me out among the wicked, and have not spared My life. And... - Pitch G, B and C before starting the antiphon. - Two drops at the end of mei: 4th then minor 3rd reaching E, mode 4 final. - Important jump a 5th EB at the half bar after liquerunt me; not usual to have of fifth here between two "semitonesque" notes E and B. If you hear the semitone from B to the next C you know you had it right. - On tradidit me: start on B, finish on B, same note. And pause at the quarter bar. - percutientes: another word with pronunciation tsi. - Be careful at the word aceto: after reaching top C your drop a minor third to A where it is a bit tempting to drop a fourth down to G. There is an episema on A to regroup. - Another 5th EB after potabant me, same as above, but this one jumps a minor third to D after that. - On the word proiecerunt there is a diphthong "ie" pronounced as one sound, like a short "yeah", or Iesus. - Another difficulty, on pepercerunt: it is very tempting to put the first "r" at a different place like perpetua...
Lesson `II`. LAMED. Matribus suis	F	LU694	OHS208	OHM208
2 Resp. Velum templi	2	LU695 GB3056	OHS210	OHM210	F♯/G R. The curtain of the temple was torn, * And the whole earth trembled; the thief cried out from the cross, "Remember me, Lord, when You come into Your kingdom!" V. The rocks were rent, and the tombs were opened, and many bodies of the Saints who had fallen asleep arose. And... - Should not be too difficult but watch out the various episemas; especially the first one on the second note of Velum, lengthening which does not appear on Tracts of the same type.
Lesson `III`. ALEPH. Ego vir videns	F	LU696	OHS211	OHM211
3 Resp. Vinea mea	8	LU697 GB3078	OHS212	OHM212	D/E♭ R. My chosen vine, I planted you. * How could you turn out bitter, that you should crucify Me and release Barabbas? V. I spaded you, I cleared you of stones, I built a watchtower. How... My... - Expressive progression CEG on the word clamabat. - Watch out the various episemas and lengthenings on the words: dum veneris in regnum tuum. - Careful on the word Barabbam: there is a difficult jump GB a major 3rd between "Ba" and "ra", word which will be sung three times with the various repetitions of the responsory.

- 2nd Nocturn		LU698	OHS213	OHM213
1 Ant. Vim faciebant Ps. 37. Domine ne in furore... quoniam	8G	LU698 GB1909	OHS213	OHM213	E/F Those who sought * My life used violence. - OHS has a flex on verse 10 which OHM hasn't.
2 Ant. Confundantur et revereantur Ps. 39. Exspectans exspectavi	4A*	LU699 GB2620	OHS215	OHM215	D/E♭ Let those be put to shame * and confusion who seek to snatch away My life. - OHM has a different intonation for the 1st psalm verse: A-CDD where OHS has D-CDD. - OHM has a flex on verse 16 which OHS hasn't. - Melody similar to the Ant. Angelus Domini (see here). - Possible mistake: normally verses in psalm tone 4A* end up with two dotted notes A-B. - v4. careful, carmen quickly goes to the termination. - v19. careful as well at ut auferant, it quickly goes to the termination. - v21. watch out the diphtong "eu" in Euge: unique sound.
3 Ant. Alieni insurrexerunt Ps. 53. Deus in nomine tuo	4A*	LU701 GB2940	OHS217	OHM217	D/E♭ Strangers * have risen up against Me, and the mighty have sought My life. - OHM has a different intonation for the 1st psalm verse: A-CDD where OHS has D-CDD. - OHM has a flex on verse 6 which OHS hasn't. - Melody similar to the Ant. Angelus Domini (see here). - Also similar to the previous antiphon but with some differences. So be careful at making the distinction between both. - Possible mistake: normally verses in psalm tone 4A* end up with two dotted notes A-B. - v7. walk slowly through the word eripuisti
V. Insurrexerunt in me		LU702	OHS218	OHM218
Pater Noster in silence
Lesson `IV`. Protexisti...		LU702	OHS219	OHM219
4 Resp. Tamquam ad latronem	8	LU702 GB3211	OHS219	OHM219	B/D R. "As against a robber you have come out, with swords and clubs to seize Me. * I sat daily with you in the temple teaching, and you did not lay hands on Me; and now when you have scourged Me, you lead Me away to be crucified." V. And when they had laid hands on Jesus, and held Him, He said to them, "I sat..." - When singing the word gladiis memorize the G (in three places) as it comes back on the word et. - The word comprehendere does not have the "de" straight away, you pass first the "pre", then the "hen" staying on the same "e" but making them sound as two "e", then finally the "de". - Good breath before apud for the long phrase. - Watch out the various episemas and lengthenings on the word eram. - Notice the drop a fourth down DA after eram towards in. - Also the drop a third down BG at the end of ducitis. - Another diphtong "ie" sung as one sound on the word iniecissent.
Lesson `V`. Nostis...		LU703	OHS220	OHM220
5 Resp. Tenebrae	7	LU703 GB3214	OHS220	OHM220	D/E♭ R. It became dark when the Jews crucified Jesus. About the ninth hour Jesus cried out with a loud voice, "My God, why have You forsaken Me?" * Then He bowed His head and gave up the spirit. V. Jesus cried with a loud voice, "Father, into Your hands I commend My spirit." Then... - Striking piece telling the death of Jesus Christ. - Notice the word Judaei starts on a classic pattern but with a bouncing in the end. - nonam might have a difficulty on the 4th down DA but there is an episema to regroup. - Expressive melody on the words exclamavit Jesus voce magna, full of episemas, put emphasis in these words. - The words « Deus meus, ut quid me dereliquisti » are the culminating point of the responsory, quoting psalm 21 which is sung twice on Good Friday: in the 1st nocturn and the afternoon liturgy. It will sound better if sung by a single cantor, but you can also regroup at ut quid. - The word Deus starts on D, mode 7 tenor, takes a little push on C then D again and jumps to G, interval of a fourth. Staying there a while, floating. Top G, top note of this piece, like reaching God in Heaven. - Also remember that because the C clef is on the second line, there is a semitone between the first line E and the note above F. This will happen on the words meus, ut and later on. - Make a long pause before Et inclinato capite, as a sign of respect. - The word emisit with the climbing G-BCD and descending 5th DG expresses the giving up of the spirit. - The verse starts on D, a fifth higher, mode 7 recitation note. You might want to watch carefully the various neumes at the end, including quilismas, and count the notes so you won't go too high or too low; it ends on a dotted semitone CB, giving a sense of sadness. - At the end, the second time you sing emisit spiritum, fade out the last notes.
Lesson `VI`. Exacuerunt...		LU704	OHS221	OHM221
6 Resp. Animam meam	8	LU704 GB3219	OHS222	OHM222	D/F R. The soul that I loved I delivered into the hands of the wicked, and My heritage has turned on Me like a lion in the jungle. My enemy roared against Me, saying, "Gather together, and hurry to devour Him." They put Me in a desert waste, and the whole earth mourned over Me, * Because no one is found to acknowledge Me and do good to Me. V. Men without mercy have risen up against Me, and they have not spared My life. Because... The soul... - For this piece in mode 8 you have difficulties to find out the classic association of final/tenor notes G and C. The piece starts on the lower part of the staff, then you have a few major chord ascending notes GAC, then a few Do-Re-Mi for GAB. The end of the antiphon (Quia non est inventus...) before the verse again stays mostly in the bottom of the staff. Eventually the verse will look like a mode 8 responsory verse. Let's see in details. - So it starts with animam meam on a simple GAB (Do-Re-Mi), it does not indicate where the semitone is. - Don't hesitate to lengthen the episemas on tradidi, they will musically set the position of the semitone. - The same can be said on the word iniquorum; also this one starts on a minor 3rd.... - After that, the words et facta ascend the three notes of a major chord FAC and eventually you reach mode 8 tenor C for the first time. Followed by GAB, the Do-Re-Mi we mentioned before. - The following words hereditas mea repeat the melody from et facta est mihi. - Now if there is a note to memorize from this Do-Re-Mi it is the top note (here: B) because it is the starting note of sicut. And this B is very difficult to pitch, because it is an interval of a diminished fifth FB from the previous word mea. Two possible ways: 1) you ask one singer to hold the note B from the previous word mea and he will give you the pitch when starting sicut (we tried it, it works) or 2) before starting sicut you take two seconds to project a fifth and you lower a semitone. Well, whatever works. This B is before a quilisma so plenty of time to adjust and regroup before moving towards the next note C. And if your hear the semitone BC you know you had it right. - After that, the word dedit starts a fifth lower than silva, this one should be easier to pitch. - Do not pause between deserto and solitudinis even it feels to. - Same behaviour between super me and omnis terra. Bounce back to A and C. - Like in the 1st responsory we meet again the word pepercerunt and its difficult pronunciation.

- 3rd Nocturn		LU706	OHS223	OHM223
1 Ant. Ab insurgentibus Ps. 58. Eripe me de inimicis meis	1f	LU706 GB1997	OHS223	OHM223	D/E♭ From My adversaries * set Me free, Lord, for they lie in wait for My life.
2 Ant. Longe fecisti Ps. 87. Domine Deus salutis meae	8G	LU707 GB2437	OHS225	OHM225	E/F You have taken * My friends away from Me; I am betrayed, and I cannot escape.
3 Ant. Captabunt Ps. 93. Deus ultionum	8G	LU708 GB2427	OHS227	OHM227	E/F They will hunt * the soul of the just, and will condemn innocent blood. - v11. careful at quoniam, it quickly goes to the termination. - v15. on the word quoadusque separate "quo" and "a": quo-a-du-sque.
V. Locuti sunt adversum me		LU709	OHS229	OHM229
Pater Noster in silence
Lesson `VII`. Festinemus...		LU710	OHS230	OHM230
7 Resp. Tradiderunt	6C	LU710 GB3063	OHS230	OHM230	C/D R. They have given Me over to the impious, and among the wicked they have cast Me, and have not spared My life. The powerful have gathered together against Me, * And like giants they stand against Me. V. Strangers have risen up against Me, and the powerful seek My life. And... - The C clef is on the third line so remember E is on the second line; then jump a semitone to find F between the first and second lines, note F which is met for the first time at proiecerunt. - In the verse, the word animam starts with a torculus DEC: make sure to come back to C, memorized from the end of quasierunt.
Lesson `VIII`. Adeamus...		LU711	OHS231	OHM231
8 Resp. Jesum tradidit	8C	LU711 GB3153	OHS231	OHM231	G♯/A R. The wicked man betrayed Jesus to the chief priests and elders of the people. * But Peter was following Him at a distance, to see the end. V. Now they led Him away to Caiphas the high priest, where the Scribes and the Pharisees had gathered together. But... - As far as I know, probably the only mode 8 with a final C and a tenor F. Therefore the unusual position of the C key on the third line and pretty much all of the singing is above this line. This can be explained by B coming in two flavours: * B natural on senioribus, * B flat on the words videret, ubi and convenerant. If the mode was 8 (with final G) instead of 8C (with final C) these two notes would be F# and F; but F# is not allowed in Gregorian chant. If we allow F#, the whole piece could be rewritten with the C clef on the first line and then: + the tenor F becomes C, new tenor, + the final C becomes G, new final, + the old B natural becomes an imaginary F# (on the word senioribus), + the old B flat becomes F (on the words videret, ubi and convenerant). - The C clef is on the third line so remember E is on the second line; then jump a semitone to find F between the first and second lines, note F which is met for the first time at tradidit. - Classic jump a fourth up CF on summis, from final C to tenor F in this mode 8C. - Walk slowly through sacerdotum and use the various lengthenings of A, starting from the episemed A at the end of the previous word principibus. - Difficult interval a fourth down DA on et senioribus; transitional A so prepare for the next note C on "ni" and the ascending notes B-D-F, two minor thirds, on "o-ribus". - At the end of autem: lengthen the note D and memorize it, you will come back to it at the end of eum, after sequebatur, make sure you get it right with the help of the episema. - In the verse, on the word pharisaei, make sure to switch to D when singing the second "i".
Lesson `IX`. Nec...		LU712	OHS232	OHM232
9 Resp. Caligaverunt	5	LU712 GB3156	OHS232	OHM232	F♯/G R. Worn out from weeping are My eyes: far from Me are all who could console Me. See, all you nations, * Whether there is any suffering like My suffering. V. O all you who pass by the way, look and see Whether... Worn...
Good Friday - Tenebrae Lauds
1 Ant. Proprio Filio suo Ps. 50. Miserere mei Deus secundum	7c	LU712 GB2555	OHS234		G/B♭ God did not spare * even His own Son; He delivered Him up for us all. - Roman version in OHS and Liber Usualis: normal psalm tone 7c, tenor is D, final is C.
7f			OHM234	G/B♭ - OHM has a different melody from OHS. - Also it has a transposed psalm tone which could be identified as ' 7f ': tenor is G, final is F.
2 Ant. Anxiatus est Ps. 142. Domine exaudi... auribus	4E	LU714 GB2753	OHS236	OHM236	F/F♯ My spirit is faint * within Me, My heart within Me is appalled. - OHM has a different intonation for the 1st psalm verse: E-GAA where OHS has A-GAA. - OHM has a flex on verse 4 which OHS hasn't.
3 Ant. Ait latro Ps. 84. Benedixisti	1f	LU715 GB2552	OHS237		D/E♭ One robber said to the other, * "We are receiving what our deeds deserved; but what wrong has this Man done? Remember me, Lord, when You come into Your kingdom."
		OHM237	D/E♭ - OHM has a different melody from OHS.
4 Ant. Dum conturbata Cant. Domine audivi auditionem (Habacuc)	1f	LU716 GB2827	OHS239	OHM239	D/E♭ When my soul * is in trouble, Lord, You will remember Your mercy. - OHM has a flex on verses 12 and 17 which OHS hasn't.
5 Ant. Memento mei Ps. 147. Lauda Jerusalem	8G	LU718 GB1827	OHS241		E/F Remember me, * Lord, when You come into Your kingdom.
		OHM241	E/F - OHM has a different melody from OHS.
- No chapter
- No hymn
V. Collocavit me		LU718	OHS242	OHM242
Ant Bene. Posuerunt Cant. Benedictus	1g	LU718 GB2896	OHS131		C/C♯ They put * above His head the charge against Him, written: "Jesus of Nazareth, the King of the Jews."
		OHM131	C/C♯ - OHM has a different melody from OHS; among other things: B natural on posuerunt when OHS and Liber Usualis have a B flat. On the video they sing B natural although they display the melody from the Liber Usualis, which has a B flat... I think it sounds better with a B flat.
Ant. Christus factus est + Mortem autem crucis Philipp. 2, 8-9.	5	LU659 GB1862	OHS136	OHM136	D/E♭ All kneel and sing. Errata in English Liber Usualis: Mortem autem crucis is not added on Thursday but Friday.
+ Propter quod et Deus	5	LU659	OHS136	OHM136	Added on Holy Saturday. Errata in English Liber Usualis: Propter quod et Deus is not added on Friday but Saturday.
Pater Noster in silence		LU660	OHS136	OHM136
Respice	B	LU660	OHS136	OHM136	Do not say Oremus.

Holy Saturday - Tenebrae Matins
- 1st Nocturn		LU752	OHS313	OHM313
1 Ant. In pace in idipsum Ps. 4. Cum invocarem	8G	LU752 GB2358	OHS313	OHM313	E/F In peace * itself, I shall sleep and rest. - Those who use the Liber Usualis: the psalm is taken from page 264 and you must remember to not sing the Gloria Patri at the end.
2 Ant. Habitabit Ps. 14. Dominus quis habitabit	4E	LU752 GB2374	OHS314	OHM314	F/F♯ He shall dwell * in Your tent, He shall rest on Your holy mountain. - OHM has a different intonation for the 1st psalm verse: E-GAA where OHS has A-GAA. - OHM has a flex on verse 6 which OHS hasn't.
3 Ant. Caro mea Ps. 15. Conserva me Domine	7c	LU753 GB2667	OHS315		G/B♭ My body * shall rest in hope. - Roman version in OHS and Liber Usualis: normal psalm tone 7c, tenor is D, final is C.
7c tr.			OHM315	G/B♭ - OHM has a different melody from OHS. - Also it has a transposed psalm tone which could be identified as ' 7f ': tenor is G, final is F.
V. In pace in idipsum		LU754	OHS316	OHM316
Pater Noster in silence
Lesson `I`. De lamentatione. HETH. (Misericordiae Domini)	F	LU754	OHS317	OHM317
1 Resp. Sicut ovis	4	LU755 GB3205	OHS318	OHM318	F/G R. Like a sheep He was led to the slaughter, and, though He was harshly treated, He opened not His mouth. He was delivered up to death, * That He might give life to His people. V. He surrendered Himself to death and was counted among the wicked, That... - Play these notes for the incipit: F-DE-E. - Notice there is a B natural on male as well as tractaretur. - Difficult interval of a sixth down AC at the full bar between os suum and traditus, it goes down from top A to bottom C. 1) One way to pitch it is to add a fifth down AD + one tone. 2) Another way is to pitch a third down AF to have the final note to be reached with C-DF. Take your time to get the tone right. - Go through the quarter bar after vivificaret and jump lightly a 5th towards populum, it will sound better. - Walk slowly through the word animam, there is no semitone here, succession of clivis and podatus. It seems easy but I found myself having difficulties. The goal is to reach the place of rest which is the first note E of the word suam, just before a quilisma and just after a semitone FE. - After the verse you come back to ut vivificaret and the interval of a fourth DG seems to be a bit difficult. Both notes D and G are not the familiar tenor A or final E from mode 4, maybe that's why they are difficult to pitch. My way is to memorise the G from the porrectus on the previous word reputatus. Or you can project a fourth DG in your head...
Lesson `II`. ALEPH.	F	LU756 GB3076	OHS319	OHM319
2 Resp. Jerusalem	5	LU757 GB3076	OHS320	OHM320	F♯/G R. Arise, Jerusalem, and take off the trappings of joy; put on sackcloth and ashes, * For in you has the Saviour of Israel been slain. V. Let your tears flow like a torrent day and night; let there be no repose for your eyes. For... - First thing to remember: climb up to top E on surge, so count the notes. It is a common mistake to stop at D. - occisus has a succession of thirds: GB, BG and AF, dramatically expressing the word slain. - Notice the B natural on the torculus ABA at Deduc, beginning of the verse. - oculi has a double clivis semitonesque CB on "o", count the 4 notes to avoid singing "cu" too early. Stay on the same B for this syllable "cu".
Lesson `III`. Incipit.	F	LU758	OHS321	OHM321
Lesson `III`. Incipit. (ad libitum)		LU760	OHS323	OHM323
3 Resp. Plange	5	LU761 GB3077	OHS325	OHM325	G♯/A R. Lament like a virgin, My people. Howl, you shepherds, in sackcloth and ashes; * For the great day of the Lord has come, a day exceedingly bitter. V. Gird yourselves, O priests, and weep, O ministers of the altar, sprinkle yourselves with ashes. For... Lament... - Similar incipit as Resp. Ecce vidimus. - Dramatic expression with a minor third top DF on the rendering of the word ululate: Howl. - Minor third DF which is eventually repeated on the words cinere et cilicio. Remark that these words have the same patterns as from the previous Resp. Jerusalem, although with different notes: first one with AC and second one with top DF. Here is a comparison. - Walk slowly through amara (bitter) and carefully place the various intervals. - Notice the B natural on the torculus ABA at vos, beginning of the verse. - Here also can be said what was said for the Resp. Ecce vidimus: in the end, after you sing a second time Quia venit dies Domini you go back to the beginning and there is a big difficulty: valde ends on D and Plange starts on B, that makes a strange interval of six semitones, between a fourth and a fifth. My trick? Visualise/sing the fifth in your head and lower down a semitone. Of course it will be easier if you remember the incipit by heart.

- 2nd Nocturn		LU762	OHS326	OHM326
1 Ant. Elevamini Ps. 23. Domini est terra	5a	LU762 GB2918	OHS326		A/B♭ Be upraised * eternal gates, and the King of Glory will enter in.
		OHM326	A/B♭ - OHM has a different melody from OHS. - OHM has a flex on verses 4 and 8 which OHS hasn't.
2 Ant. Credo videre Ps. 26. Dominus illuminatio mea	4E	LU763 GB1870	OHS327	OHM327	E/F I believe I will see * the bounty of the Lord in the land of the living. - OHM has a different intonation for the 1st psalm verse: E-GAA where OHS has A-GAA. - OHM has a flex on verse 18 which OHS hasn't.
3 Ant. Domine abstraxisti Ps. 29. Exaltabo te Domine	8G	LU764 GB2660	OHS329	OHM329	E/F O Lord, * You brought My soul up from the netherworld. - Read the difficult word abstraxisti once before singing it.
V. In pace in idipsum		LU765	OHS330	OHM330
Pater Noster in silence
Lesson `IV`. Accedet...		LU765	OHS330	OHM330
4 Resp. Recessit pastor	7	LU766 GB3221	OHS331	OHM331	C/C♯ R. Our Shepherd, the fountain of living waters, is gone. At His passing, the sun was darkened. * For he who held the first Man captive has now been taken captive himself. Today our Saviour has broken the bars and the very gates of death. V. Yes, He has destroyed the prisons of hell and overthrown the power of the devil. For... - Be careful at the incipit: after a fifth GD it does not peak with a semitone like Gaudeamus but a tone DE. - After hominem jump a fourth. Visualise it before taking it. - 1st line is a E so the note above is a semitone towards F. This note occurs during the verse.
Lesson `V`. Quo...		LU766	OHS331	OHM331
5 Resp. O vos omnes	8	LU767 GB3325	OHS332	OHM332	A/B♭ R. O all of you who pass by the way, look and see * Whether there is any suffering like My suffering. V. Look, all you nations, and see My suffering, Whether... - Some OHS print might miss a D at per viam. Check with the Liber Usualis. - Tragic 5th down DG on dolor. To be rendered with expression.
Lesson `VI`. Posuerunt...		LU767	OHS332	OHM332
6 Resp. Ecce quomodo moritur	4	LU767 GB3149	OHS333	OHM333	C/C♯ R. See how the Just One dies, and no one takes it to heart; just men are taken away, with no one giving it a thought. The Just One is taken away from the presence of evil; * And the remembrance of Him shall be in peace. V. Like a lamb before the shearers He was silent and opened not His mouth; He was taken away from distress and from judgement. And... See... - Stay focus during the first part until the full bar, it all goes around EF, characteristic of mode 4. - It eventually goes beyond A from et viri, starting by a fourth up. - There is a B natural at iusti. - Very difficult start after the full bar on a facie: the important note to reach is A, to be memorized from the end of the previous word considerat. Even if the first notes D-GG are not right make sure to hit the A. - Lovely progression of a minor chord D-F-A on et erit; put expression on the various episemas and go calm for the next word pace - Careful at the verse, very syllabic, don't miss a note and use the previous ones. For example at aperuit eos there is a double clivis GF, memorize the first one to go through the second one. - The final coming back to the beginning, from memoria ejus to ecce is a 3rd down.

- 3rd Nocturn		LU768	OHS334	OHM334
1 Ant. Deus adjuvat me Ps. 53. Deus in nomine tuo	8G	LU768 GB2636	OHS334	OHM334	E/F God is My helper, * and the Lord is the protector of my soul. - OHM has a flex on verse 6 which OHS hasn't.
2 Ant. In pace factus est Ps. 75. Notus in Judaea	7a	LU769 GB2430	OHS335	OHM335	C/E♭ In peace * is His dwelling; He abides in Sion.
3 Ant. Factus sum Ps. 87. Domine Deus salutis meae	4d	LU770 GB2951	OHS336	OHM336	G/G♯ I am * a Man without help: free among the dead. - OHM has a different intonation for the 1st psalm verse: A-CDD where OHS has D-CDD. - Strange mode 4, ending on A, normally mode 4 ends with E or B. - Melody similar to the Angelus.
V. In pace factus est		LU771	OHS338	OHM338
Pater Noster in silence
Lesson `VII`. Christus...		LU771	OHS338	OHM338
7 Resp. Astiterunt reges	4	LU771 GB3184	OHS339	OHM339	B/C R. The kings of the earth rise up, and the princes conspire together * Against the Lord and against His anointed. V. Why do the nations rage and the peoples utter folly? Against... - First: B natural on reges. - The torculus on the word "et" at et adversus has a fourth down CG, prepare for it, it is not ACA it is ACG. - Christum starts on a fourth up DG, here too visualize it ; the G has an episema to regroup. This lengthened G comes back again twice after that. - In the verse don't forget to switch to A-B on sunt after the syllabic G on meditati.
Lesson `VIII`. Et ideo...		LU772	OHS339	OHM339
8 Resp. Aestimatus sum	4	LU772 GB3145	OHS339	OHM339	F/G R. I am numbered with those who go down into the pit; * I have become like a man who needs no help, free among the dead. V. They have plunged Me into the bottom of the pit, in darkness and in the shadow of death. I have become... - Difficult neumes on descentibus especially coming back to F after the fifth down AD. My advice? Remember the F from "scen". - Another difficult neume with a quilisma on Factus: it starts with D then tone towards E, then unusually jumps a minor third towards G. The G has an episema to regroup eventually. After that it it is a normal GAB as Do-Re-Mi, with B natural. - Adjutorio starts on a minor third, prepare for this little jump. - Walk carefully through inferiori, neumatic with double notes.
Lesson `IX`. Lecto...		LU773	OHS340	OHM340
9 Resp. Sepulto Domino	2	LU773 GB3190	OHS340	OHM340	E/F R. After the Lord was laid in the sepulchre, the tomb was sealed. A stone was rolled to the entrance of the tomb, * And soldiers were set to guard Him. V. The chief priests approached Pilate with their petition. And... After... - The word petierunt is pronounced as pe-tsi-e-runt, don't forget the "tsi".
Holy Saturday - Tenebrae Lauds
1 Ant. O mors Ps. 50. Miserere mei Deus secundum	4c	LU773 GB1957	OHS341		G/G♯ O death, * I will be your death; hell, I will be your destruction! - Melody similar to the Ant. Factus sum. - Here too: strange mode 4, ending on A, normally mode 4 ends with E or B.
4d			OHM341	G/G♯ - OHM has a similar melody to OHS but with one difference: a distropha instead of a dotted note. - Also OHM has a different psalm tone from OHS. Here too OHM has a different intonation for the 1st psalm verse: A-CDD where OHS has D-CDD.
2 Ant. Plangent eum Ps. 91. Bonum est confiteri Domino	4A*	LU775 GB2212	OHS343		D/E♭ They shall mourn for Him * as for an only son; for the Lord who is innocent has been slain.
		OHM343	D/E♭ - OHM has a different melody from OHS.
3 Ant. Attendite universi Ps. 63. Exaudi Deus... orationem	7b	LU776 GB2263	OHS344		E/G Look, * all you nations, and see My suffering.
7d			OHM344	C/E♭ - OHM has a different melody from OHS. - And a different psalm tone.
4 Ant. A porta inferi Cant. Ezechiae	2D	LU776A GB2253	OHS346	OHM346	F♯/G From the gate of hell * deliver My soul, O Lord. - OHM has a different ending for the psalm verses.
5 Ant. O vos omnes Ps. 150. Laudate Dominum in sanctis	8c	LU776B GB1901	OHS347		A/B♭ O all you * who pass by the way, look and see whether there is any suffering like My suffering.
8a			OHM347	A/B♭ - OHM has a similar melody to OHS but with two differences: a distropha instead of a dotted note and a cephalicus instead of a clivis. - Also OHM has a different psalm tone from OHS.
- No chapter
- No hymn
V. Caro mea		LU776B	OHS348	OHM348
Ant Bene. Mulieres Cant. Benedictus	1g	LU776B GB2288	OHS132		C/C♯ The women * sitting at the sepulchre were weeping and lamenting for the Lord.
		OHM132	C/C♯ - OHM has a different melody from OHS; among other things: B natural on mulieres when OHS and Liber Usualis have a B flat. On the video they sing B natural although they display the melody from the Liber Usualis, which has a B flat... I think it sounds better with a B flat.
Ant. Christus factus est + Mortem autem crucis + Propter quod et Deus Philipp. 2, 8-9.	5	LU659 GB1862	OHS136	OHM136	D/E♭ All kneel and sing. Errata in English Liber Usualis: Propter quod et Deus is not added on Friday but Saturday.
Pater Noster in silence
Concede	B	LU660	OHS137	OHM137	Do not say Oremus.

Maundy Thursday - Tenebrae Matins

- 1st Nocturn

LU626

OHS87

OHM87

1 Ant. Zelus domus tuae
Ps. 68. Salvum me fac Deus

LU626

GB2297

OHS87

OHM87

A/B♭

Zeal for Your house * has eaten me up, and the insults of those who blaspheme You fall upon me.
- Practice the pronunciation of the word exprobrantium beforehand.

2 Ant. Avertantur retrorsum
Ps. 69. Deus in adjutorium

LU628

GB2765

OHS90

OHM90

A/B♭

Let them be turned back * and disgraced, who desire My ruin.
- Watch out the drop down a third AF at the word cogitant.

3 Ant. Deus meus eripe me
Ps. 70. In te Domine speravi... et eripe

LU629

GB2406

OHS91

OHM91

A/B♭

O My God, * rescue Me from the hand of the sinner.
- OHS and OHM are different on verses 8. Depending on the position of the flex.
- OHS has a flex on verse 17 and 21 which OHM hasn't.
- Watch out the drop down a third AF at the word peccatoris.

V. Avertantur retrorsum

LU630

OHS94

OHM94

Pater Noster in silence

LU631

OHS94

OHM94

Lesson I. Incipit Lamentatio Jeremiae Prophetae. ALEPH.

LU631

OHS94

OHM94

Giovanni Vianini sings the lesson in Mozarabic chant.

1 Resp. In monte Oliveti

LU633

GB3170

OHS96

OHM96

E/F

R. On the Mount of Olives He prayed to the Father, "Father, if it is possible, let this cup pass away from Me." * "The spirit indeed is willing, but the flesh is weak."
V. Watch and pray, that you may not enter into temptation. The spirit..."

- After playing the few notes G-A for the incipit, play top C as well to show where it goes.
- First difficulty on the word potest: after it goes up to C it goes down to A and not G, it is tempting to sing G. Regroup at the prolongated episemed A before moving on.
- Curiosity on the word iste: the quilisma note is at the same level as the note before. It is common to find this type of neumes in the responsories. Sing the quilisma note as pulling the melody to the next.
- After the word vigilitate watch out the third up GB.

Lesson II. VAU. Et egressus est a filia Sion

LU633

OHS97

OHM97

2 Resp. Tristis est

LU635

GB3106

OHS99

OHM99

D/E♭

R. "My soul is sad, even unto death. Wait here and watch with Me. Now you will see the crowd that will surround Me. *
You shall flee, and I will go to be sacrificed for you.
V. Behold, the hour is at hand, and the Son of Man will be betrayed into the hands of sinners. You..."

- Here too, after playing the notes F-G for the incipit, play A-F-A-C to show where it goes.
- At the words et vigilate the drop from C to AGF should not be difficult but stay focused...
- No interruption between vos fugam and capietis.

Lesson III. JOD. Manum suam misit hostis

LU636

OHS100

OHM100

3 Resp. Ecce vidimus

LU637

GB3130

OHS102

OHM102

G♯/A

R. There was in Him no stately bearing to make us look at Him, nor appearance that would attract us to Him. This is He who has borne our sins, and who grieves for us. But He was pierced for our offences; * By His stripes we are healed.
V. Yet it was our infirmities that He bore, our sufferings that He endured. By His... There...

- Now we enter the "danger zone", a responsory a bit more difficult than average.
- First of all be sure to master the incipit it will come back in the end.
- The word ecce has the double "cc" which you pronounce t-ch, more than a single "c" like in "Church".
- Be careful to remember this very important B flat on the word decorem, it gives a special flavour to this piece. It comes back a few times in the next phrase.
- After non est: breathe and jump a fifth on hic to reach gently top F.
- Very long episema over the word portavit: emphasise mostly the first note of each neume.
- Still on the word portavit: notice the note B is back to B natural.
- The next phrase has another type of unusual quilisma: the one where the note after the quilisma is a minor third higher.
- Sanati sumus starts on B flat, expressing again this strange flavour encountered before. Strangely it is one of the few notes one remembers year after year when singing this responsory...

- In the end, after you sing a second time Cujus livore sanati sumus you go back to the beginning and there is a big difficulty: sumus ends on D and Ecce starts on B, that makes a strange interval of six semitones, between a fourth and a fifth. My trick? Visualise/sing the fifth in your head and lower down a semitone. Of course it will be easier if you remember the incipit by heart.

- 2nd Nocturn

LU638

OHS103

OHM103

1 Ant. Liberavit Dominus
Ps. 71. Deus judicium tuum

LU638

GB2123

OHS103

G/B♭

The Lord freed * the poor man from the mighty, and the needy whom no one will help.
- Roman version in OHS and Liber Usualis: normal psalm tone 7c, tenor is D, final is C.

OHM103

G/B♭

- OHM has a transposed melody, to a psalm tone which could be identified as ' 7f ': tenor is G, final is F. Listen to the recording: although it is not written, they flatten the top B. So the melody should be similar.
- OHM has a flex on verse 20 which OHS hasn't.

2 Ant. Cogitaverunt impii
Ps. 72. Quam bonus Israël Deus

LU639

GB2002

OHS105

OHM105

A/B♭

The wicked thought * and spoke evil; sin from on high they have uttered.

3 Ant. Exsurge, Domine
Ps. 73. Ut quid Deus repulisti

LU641

GB2972

OHS107

OHM107

F/F♯

Arise, O Lord, * and defend my cause.
- OHM has a flex on verse 23 which OHS hasn't.
- First difficulty on this one: getting use to psalm tone 1 when all the previous psalms so far have been in psalm tone 8 and 7. I recommend to play all the notes of the incipit on this one to hear the main notes F-G-A.
- Watch out the episemed E on "ca" in the word judica.

V. Deus meus, eripe me

LU642

OHS109

OHM109

Pater Noster in silence

Lesson IV. Exaudi...

LU643

OHS109

OHM109

4 Resp. Amicus meus

LU643

GB3155

OHS110

OHM110

E/F

R. "My friend has betrayed Me with a kiss for a signal: 'Whomever I kiss, that is Ke; lay hold of Him.' That was the evil sign he gave, committing murder by a kiss. * The unhappy man threw away the money that was paid for blood, and finally hanged himself with a halter.
V. It were better for that man if he had not been born. The unhappy..."

- Not particularly difficult, no difficult interval...
- Maybe something to remember on the homocidium: at the syllable "mi" it comes back to G, same note as two notes before.
- Do not forget the "s" before "pendit" at the word suspendit.
- As well as the "x" at the end of Infelix.

Lesson V. Utinam...

LU644

OHS111

OHM111

5 Resp. Judas mercator

LU644

GB3059

OHS111

OHM111

E/F

R. Judas, a wretched traitor, betrayed the Lord with a kiss. The Lord, an innocent Lamb, did not refuse the kiss from Judas. * For a handful of coins he delivered Christ to the Jews.
V. It were better for him if he had never been born. For...

- No difficulty on this one; classic mode 2 railed over D and F.

Lesson VI. Quoniam...

LU645

OHS112

OHM112

6 Resp. Unus ex discipulis

LU645

GB3087

OHS112

OHM112

E/F

R. "One of My disciples will betray Me today. Woe to that man by whom I shall be betrayed! * It were better for him if he had not been born.
V. He who dips his hand with Me in the dish, he will betray Me into the hands of sinners. It... One..."

- Lovely fifth down DG at Vae illi. Watch out the unusual episema on C at the porrectus.
- The passing of notes on the words Melius illi works better if you decompose them as two groups: FGA like Do-Re-Mi and FAC like Do-Mi-Sol (major chord).
- Notice the long episemed double C at the beginning of the word fuisset, don't rush it.

- 3rd Nocturn

LU646

OHS113

OHM113

1 Ant. Dixi iniquis
Ps. 74. Confitebimur tibi

LU646

GB2931

OHS113

OHM113

G/B♭

I said to the wicked, * "Speak not iniquity against God."
- The antiphon melody as it starts sounds the same as the 4th Ant. Sit nomen Domini at Sunday Vespers.
- Lovely drop a fourth AE on the word Deum.

2 Ant. Terra tremuit
Ps. 75. Notus in Judaea

LU647

GB1882

OHS114

OHM114

A/B♭

The earth trembled * and fell still when God arose for judgement.
- Give a trembling effect on the various "r" of Terra tremuit, but not too much.

3 Ant. In die tribulationis
Ps. 76. Voce mea ad Dominum... et intendit

LU647

GB2535

OHS116

OHM116

C/E♭

In the day of My distress * I lifted up My hands to God.
- OHM has a flex on verse 3 which OHS hasn't.
- The incipit sounds the same as the Ant. In paradisum from the Requiem Mass.
- Difficult third up GB at "si" on the word exquisivi, remember the note B starting the word. This third is also the same as the one starting the antiphon.

V. Exsurge, Domine

LU649

OHS117

OHM117

Pater Noster in silence

Lesson VII. Hoc...

LU649

OHS118

OHM118

7 Resp. Eram quasi agnus

LU649

GB3144

OHS118

OHM118

D/E♭

R. Yet I, like an innocent lamb led to slaughter, had not realized that My enemies were hatching plots against Me: * "Come, let us destroy the tree in its vigour; let us cut Him off from the land of the living."
V. All My enemies contemplated evil against Me; they decided on an evil plan against Me, saying, "Come..."

- Careful at the word nesciebam: after the start on a fourth GC it is tempting to come back to G after C when it only goes down a minor third CA, on the next two occasions.
- Lovely fifth GD at consilium, built on mode 7 final and tenor.
- The word adversum has a not so easy third down AF, followed by G and back to A, before jumping again to C.
- On the word viventium do not forget to pronounce the "ti" as "tsi".
- Jump a fifth GD from the end of the antiphon to the beginning of the verse, same fifth as consilium.
- The verse recitates on C at first, then raises to D at the second part.
- The transition between the end of the verse and the repetition of half the antiphon (Venite...) is a 3rd down BG but it should not be difficult.

Lesson VIII. Ego...

LU650

OHS119

OHM119

8 Resp. Una hora

LU650

GB3197

OHS120

OHM120

A/B♭

R. "Could you not watch one hour with Me, after exhorting one another to die for Me? * Or do you not see Judas? He is not sleeping, but is hurrying to betray Me to the Jews.
V. Why do you sleep? Rise and pray, that you may not enter into temptation. Or..."

- The incipit has a similar pattern as the previous responsory.
- Notice how the staff is built: some notes go over the 1st line which is an E so the next note will be an F, semitone higher than E. Then the next one with an additional line is a G, tone higher than F.
- Considering that, the phrase qui exhortabamini mori pro me needs some work.
- It starts on a classic fifth GD higher than mecum, continues on a simple second DE followed by a normal CDE but then a minor third jump to G.
- The difficulty comes onto "ba": there is a second down GF (two semitones), not a semitone, not a minor third (three semitones); you quickly come back to G so the effect of making a mistake here will be reduced, but if you can sing that F right it will show you master the high notes of chant.
- It continues by a torculus EFE on "mi" with a semitone in between, as mentioned above?
- The next "ni" should not be too difficult, descending the notes, but be prepared for the next mori by the 'major chord' jump CEG; eventually remember the quilisma is placed a semitone higher than the previous notes and a tone lower than the following note, which is the opposite of a normal quilisma usually placed a semitone lower than the following note.
- Vel Iudam starts on B, a minor third down DB after the previous pro me, but then comes back to D in case you are lost; also its second torculus is again EFE with a semitone in between.
- On "de" of videtis you start on G and you may be tempted to come back to G on the porrectus, instead of A. At least there is an episema to regroup.
- The verse has similar patterns as the one from the previous responsory.

Lesson IX. Itaque...

LU651

OHS120

OHM120

9 Resp. Seniores

LU651

GB3129

OHS121

OHM121

D/E♭

R. The elders of the people took counsel together * How they might seize Jesus by stealth and put Him to death. With swords and clubs they went out as against a robber.
V. The chief priests and the Pharisees gathered together a council, How... The elders...

Maundy Thursday - Tenebrae Lauds

1 Ant. Justificeris Domine
Ps. 50. Miserere mei Deus secundum

LU652
GB2046

OHS122

E/F

May You be vindicated, * O Lord, in Your words, and be victorious when You are judged.
- Watch out the third down AF between vincas and cum.

OHM122

E/F

- OHM has a different melody from OHS.

2 Ant. Dominus tamquam ovis
Ps. 89. Domine refugium factus es

LU653
GB2709

OHS124

F♯/G

The Lord * was led as a lamb to the slaughter, and He opened not His mouth.
- OHS has an interrogation mark after the word usquequo on verse 15...
- You may find difficult to pitch the F at the beginning of aperuit. Eventually you can memorize the two F from victimam ductus.

OHM124

F♯/G

- OHM has a different melody from OHS.
- The psalm tone has a different ending.

3 Ant. Contritum est cor meum
Ps. 35. Dixit injustus

LU654
GB2792

OHS125

F♯/G

My heart * is broken within Me; all My bones have trembled.
- Notice the unusual B flat on mei.
- The words omnia ossa mea start with a gentle descending GFED, then don't forget to come back to F with a minor third DF.

OHM125

F♯/G

- OHM has a different melody from OHS.
- OHM has a flex on verse 4 which OHS hasn't.

4 Ant. Exhortatus es
Cant. Moysi

4A*

LU655
GB2641

OHS127

D/E♭

You have exhorted us, * O Lord, by Your strength, and in Your holy banquet.
- Melody similar to the Ant. Angelus Domini (see here).
- There is possibly a mistake at the end of the psalm tone: mode 4A* normally ends on a double dotted A/B.
- v1: watch out the diphthong "ie".

OHM127

D/E♭

- OHM has a different melody from OHS.
- OHM has a flex on verses 5 and 12 which OHS hasn't.

5 Ant. Oblatus est
Ps. 146. Laudate Dominum quoniam

LU657
GB2545

OHS129

A/B♭

He was offered * because it was His own will; and He Himself bore our sins.
- On the words et peccata do not go back too low, remember to stay on F.

OHM129

A/B♭

- OHM has a different melody from OHS.
- The psalm tone has a different ending.

- No chapter

- No hymn

V. Homo pacis meae

LU658

OHS130

OHM130

Ant Bene. Traditor autem
Cant. Benedictus

LU658
GB2458

OHS131

F/F♯

Now His betrayer * had given them a sign, saying, "Whomever I kiss, that is He; lay hold of Him."
- Maybe one difficulty at word eis: starting a minor third GE lower than dedit.
- Also remember to not pause on top of the fifth unlike other pieces in mode 1 starting the same way, like Intr. Gaudeamus.

OHM131

F/F♯

- OHM has a different melody from OHS; among other things: B natural on autem when OHS and Liber Usualis have a B flat. On the video they sing B natural although they display the melody from the Liber Usualis, which has a B flat... I think it sounds better with a B flat.

Ant. Christus factus est
Philipp. 2, 8-9.

LU659

GB1862

OHS136

OHM136

D/E♭

All kneel and sing.
1) Only the first part is sung.
2) Then at Tenebrae/Lauds on Good Friday a second part is added: Mortem autem crucis.
3) Finally at Tenebrae/Lauds on Holy Saturday a third part is added: Propter quod et Deus, the whole piece is sung.
This antiphon is sung as a gradual at Maundy Thursday Solemn Evening Mass (Graduale Romanum page 202).

+ Mortem autem crucis

LU659

OHS136

OHM136

Added on Good Friday.
Errata in English Liber Usualis: Mortem autem crucis is not added on Thursday but Friday.

+ Propter quod et Deus

LU659

OHS136

OHM136

Added on Holy Saturday.
Errata in English Liber Usualis: Propter quod et Deus is not added on Friday but Saturday.

Pater Noster in silence

LU660

OHS136

OHM136

Respice

LU660

OHS136

OHM136

Do not say Oremus.

Good Friday - Tenebrae Matins

- 1st Nocturn

LU688

OHS199

OHM199

1 Ant. Astiterunt reges
Ps. 2. Quare fremuerunt gentes

LU688

GB2121

OHS199

OHM199

E/F

The kings of the earth have taken their stand, * the princes have gathered as one against the Lord and against His anointed.
- Notice the B flat on terrae, unusual in mode 8.
- Watch out the third down BG on Dominum.
- Those who use the Liber Usualis: the psalm is taken from page 371 and you must remember to not sing the Gloria Patri at the end.
- v3. proiciamus is pronounced pro-i-tchi-a-mus, separate the "o" and the "i".

2 Ant. Diviserunt sibi
Ps. 21. Deus, Deus meus, respice

LU688

GB2800

OHS201

OHM201

E/F

They divided * My garments among them, and for My vesture they cast lots.
- OHS and OHM distribute differently the words on verses 9 and 10.
- OHM has a flex on verses 19 and 34 which OHS hasn't.
- Between the words vestem and meam, try to distinctively separate the two "m".
- v3. laus starts on B, straight away to the termination.

3 Ant. Insurrexerunt in me
Ps. 26. Dominus illuminatio mea

LU690

GB2705

OHS203

OHM203

E/F

False witnesses * have risen up against Me, and iniquity has lied to itself.
- OHM has a flex on verse 18 which OHS hasn't.
- Watch out the move from G to A on "xe" of insurrexerunt.
- Maybe it is a good idea to pitch C before starting the antiphon so to see where it goes.

V. Diviserunt sibi

LU691

OHS205

OHM205

Pater Noster in silence

Lesson I. De Lamentatione. HETH.
(Cogitavit Dominus)

LU692

OHS206

OHM206

1 Resp. Omnes amici mei

LU693

GB3112

OHS207

OHM207

E/F

R. All My friends have forsaken Me, and those who lay in ambush for Me have prevailed against Me; one whom I loved has betrayed Me. * And with terrifying looks they have inflicted cruel wounds on Me, and have given Me vinegar to drink.
V. They have cast Me out among the wicked, and have not spared My life. And...

- Pitch G, B and C before starting the antiphon.
- Two drops at the end of mei: 4th then minor 3rd reaching E, mode 4 final.
- Important jump a 5th EB at the half bar after liquerunt me; not usual to have of fifth here between two "semitonesque" notes E and B. If you hear the semitone from B to the next C you know you had it right.
- On tradidit me: start on B, finish on B, same note. And pause at the quarter bar.
- percutientes: another word with pronunciation tsi.
- Be careful at the word aceto: after reaching top C your drop a minor third to A where it is a bit tempting to drop a fourth down to G. There is an episema on A to regroup.
- Another 5th EB after potabant me, same as above, but this one jumps a minor third to D after that.
- On the word proiecerunt there is a diphthong "ie" pronounced as one sound, like a short "yeah", or Iesus.
- Another difficulty, on pepercerunt: it is very tempting to put the first "r" at a different place like perpetua...

Lesson II. LAMED. Matribus suis

LU694

OHS208

OHM208

2 Resp. Velum templi

LU695

GB3056

OHS210

OHM210

F♯/G

R. The curtain of the temple was torn, * And the whole earth trembled; the thief cried out from the cross, "Remember me, Lord, when You come into Your kingdom!"
V. The rocks were rent, and the tombs were opened, and many bodies of the Saints who had fallen asleep arose. And...

- Should not be too difficult but watch out the various episemas; especially the first one on the second note of Velum, lengthening which does not appear on Tracts of the same type.

Lesson III. ALEPH. Ego vir videns

LU696

OHS211

OHM211

3 Resp. Vinea mea

LU697

GB3078

OHS212

OHM212

D/E♭

R. My chosen vine, I planted you. * How could you turn out bitter, that you should crucify Me and release Barabbas?
V. I spaded you, I cleared you of stones, I built a watchtower. How... My...

- Expressive progression CEG on the word clamabat.
- Watch out the various episemas and lengthenings on the words: dum veneris in regnum tuum.
- Careful on the word Barabbam: there is a difficult jump GB a major 3rd between "Ba" and "ra", word which will be sung three times with the various repetitions of the responsory.

- 2nd Nocturn

LU698

OHS213

OHM213

1 Ant. Vim faciebant
Ps. 37. Domine ne in furore... quoniam

LU698

GB1909

OHS213

OHM213

E/F

Those who sought * My life used violence.
- OHS has a flex on verse 10 which OHM hasn't.

2 Ant. Confundantur et revereantur
Ps. 39. Exspectans exspectavi

4A*

LU699

GB2620

OHS215

OHM215

D/E♭

Let those be put to shame * and confusion who seek to snatch away My life.
- OHM has a different intonation for the 1st psalm verse:
A-CDD where OHS has D-CDD.
- OHM has a flex on verse 16 which OHS hasn't.
- Melody similar to the Ant. Angelus Domini (see here).
- Possible mistake: normally verses in psalm tone 4A* end up with two dotted notes A-B.
- v4. careful, carmen quickly goes to the termination.
- v19. careful as well at ut auferant, it quickly goes to the termination.
- v21. watch out the diphtong "eu" in Euge: unique sound.

3 Ant. Alieni insurrexerunt
Ps. 53. Deus in nomine tuo

4A*

LU701

GB2940

OHS217

OHM217

D/E♭

Strangers * have risen up against Me, and the mighty have sought My life.
- OHM has a different intonation for the 1st psalm verse:
A-CDD where OHS has D-CDD.
- OHM has a flex on verse 6 which OHS hasn't.
- Melody similar to the Ant. Angelus Domini (see here).
- Also similar to the previous antiphon but with some differences. So be careful at making the distinction between both.
- Possible mistake: normally verses in psalm tone 4A* end up with two dotted notes A-B.
- v7. walk slowly through the word eripuisti

V. Insurrexerunt in me

LU702

OHS218

OHM218

Pater Noster in silence

Lesson IV. Protexisti...

LU702

OHS219

OHM219

4 Resp. Tamquam ad latronem

LU702

GB3211

OHS219

OHM219

B/D

R. "As against a robber you have come out, with swords and clubs to seize Me. * I sat daily with you in the temple teaching, and you did not lay hands on Me; and now when you have scourged Me, you lead Me away to be crucified."
V. And when they had laid hands on Jesus, and held Him, He said to them, "I sat..."

- When singing the word gladiis memorize the G (in three places) as it comes back on the word et.
- The word comprehendere does not have the "de" straight away, you pass first the "pre", then the "hen" staying on the same "e" but making them sound as two "e", then finally the "de".
- Good breath before apud for the long phrase.
- Watch out the various episemas and lengthenings on the word eram.
- Notice the drop a fourth down DA after eram towards in.
- Also the drop a third down BG at the end of ducitis.
- Another diphtong "ie" sung as one sound on the word iniecissent.

Lesson V. Nostis...

LU703

OHS220

OHM220

5 Resp. Tenebrae

LU703

GB3214

OHS220

OHM220

D/E♭

R. It became dark when the Jews crucified Jesus. About the ninth hour Jesus cried out with a loud voice, "My God, why have You forsaken Me?" * Then He bowed His head and gave up the spirit.
V. Jesus cried with a loud voice, "Father, into Your hands I commend My spirit." Then...

- Striking piece telling the death of Jesus Christ.
- Notice the word Judaei starts on a classic pattern but with a bouncing in the end.
- nonam might have a difficulty on the 4th down DA but there is an episema to regroup.
- Expressive melody on the words exclamavit Jesus voce magna, full of episemas, put emphasis in these words.
- The words « Deus meus, ut quid me dereliquisti » are the culminating point of the responsory, quoting psalm 21 which is sung twice on Good Friday: in the 1st nocturn and the afternoon liturgy. It will sound better if sung by a single cantor, but you can also regroup at ut quid.
- The word Deus starts on D, mode 7 tenor, takes a little push on C then D again and jumps to G, interval of a fourth. Staying there a while, floating. Top G, top note of this piece, like reaching God in Heaven.
- Also remember that because the C clef is on the second line, there is a semitone between the first line E and the note above F. This will happen on the words meus, ut and later on.
- Make a long pause before Et inclinato capite, as a sign of respect.
- The word emisit with the climbing G-BCD and descending 5th DG expresses the giving up of the spirit.
- The verse starts on D, a fifth higher, mode 7 recitation note. You might want to watch carefully the various neumes at the end, including quilismas, and count the notes so you won't go too high or too low; it ends on a dotted semitone CB, giving a sense of sadness.
- At the end, the second time you sing emisit spiritum, fade out the last notes.

Lesson VI. Exacuerunt...

LU704

OHS221

OHM221

6 Resp. Animam meam

LU704

GB3219

OHS222

OHM222

D/F

R. The soul that I loved I delivered into the hands of the wicked, and My heritage has turned on Me like a lion in the jungle. My enemy roared against Me, saying, "Gather together, and hurry to devour Him." They put Me in a desert waste, and the whole earth mourned over Me, * Because no one is found to acknowledge Me and do good to Me.
V. Men without mercy have risen up against Me, and they have not spared My life. Because... The soul...

- For this piece in mode 8 you have difficulties to find out the classic association of final/tenor notes G and C. The piece starts on the lower part of the staff, then you have a few major chord ascending notes GAC, then a few Do-Re-Mi for GAB. The end of the antiphon (Quia non est inventus...) before the verse again stays mostly in the bottom of the staff. Eventually the verse will look like a mode 8 responsory verse. Let's see in details.
- So it starts with animam meam on a simple GAB (Do-Re-Mi), it does not indicate where the semitone is.
- Don't hesitate to lengthen the episemas on tradidi, they will musically set the position of the semitone.
- The same can be said on the word iniquorum; also this one starts on a minor 3rd....
- After that, the words et facta ascend the three notes of a major chord FAC and eventually you reach mode 8 tenor C for the first time. Followed by GAB, the Do-Re-Mi we mentioned before.
- The following words hereditas mea repeat the melody from et facta est mihi.
- Now if there is a note to memorize from this Do-Re-Mi it is the top note (here: B) because it is the starting note of sicut. And this B is very difficult to pitch, because it is an interval of a diminished fifth FB from the previous word mea. Two possible ways: 1) you ask one singer to hold the note B from the previous word mea and he will give you the pitch when starting sicut (we tried it, it works) or 2) before starting sicut you take two seconds to project a fifth and you lower a semitone. Well, whatever works. This B is before a quilisma so plenty of time to adjust and regroup before moving towards the next note C. And if your hear the semitone BC you know you had it right.
- After that, the word dedit starts a fifth lower than silva, this one should be easier to pitch.
- Do not pause between deserto and solitudinis even it feels to.
- Same behaviour between super me and omnis terra. Bounce back to A and C.
- Like in the 1st responsory we meet again the word pepercerunt and its difficult pronunciation.

- 3rd Nocturn

LU706

OHS223

OHM223

1 Ant. Ab insurgentibus
Ps. 58. Eripe me de inimicis meis

LU706

GB1997

OHS223

OHM223

D/E♭

From My adversaries * set Me free, Lord, for they lie in wait for My life.

2 Ant. Longe fecisti
Ps. 87. Domine Deus salutis meae

LU707

GB2437

OHS225

OHM225

E/F

You have taken * My friends away from Me; I am betrayed, and I cannot escape.

3 Ant. Captabunt
Ps. 93. Deus ultionum

LU708

GB2427

OHS227

OHM227

E/F

They will hunt * the soul of the just, and will condemn innocent blood.
- v11. careful at quoniam, it quickly goes to the termination.
- v15. on the word quoadusque separate "quo" and "a": quo-a-du-sque.

V. Locuti sunt adversum me

LU709

OHS229

OHM229

Pater Noster in silence

Lesson VII. Festinemus...

LU710

OHS230

OHM230

7 Resp. Tradiderunt

LU710

GB3063

OHS230

OHM230

C/D

R. They have given Me over to the impious, and among the wicked they have cast Me, and have not spared My life. The powerful have gathered together against Me, * And like giants they stand against Me.
V. Strangers have risen up against Me, and the powerful seek My life. And...

- The C clef is on the third line so remember E is on the second line; then jump a semitone to find F between the first and second lines, note F which is met for the first time at proiecerunt.
- In the verse, the word animam starts with a torculus DEC: make sure to come back to C, memorized from the end of quasierunt.

Lesson VIII. Adeamus...

LU711

OHS231

OHM231

8 Resp. Jesum tradidit

LU711

GB3153

OHS231

OHM231

G♯/A

R. The wicked man betrayed Jesus to the chief priests and elders of the people. * But Peter was following Him at a distance, to see the end.
V. Now they led Him away to Caiphas the high priest, where the Scribes and the Pharisees had gathered together. But...

- As far as I know, probably the only mode 8 with a final C and a tenor F. Therefore the unusual position of the C key on the third line and pretty much all of the singing is above this line. This can be explained by B coming in two flavours:
* B natural on senioribus,
* B flat on the words videret, ubi and convenerant.
If the mode was 8 (with final G) instead of 8C (with final C) these two notes would be F# and F; but F# is not allowed in Gregorian chant.
If we allow F#, the whole piece could be rewritten with the C clef on the first line and then:
+ the tenor F becomes C, new tenor,
+ the final C becomes G, new final,
+ the old B natural becomes an imaginary F# (on the word senioribus),
+ the old B flat becomes F (on the words videret, ubi and convenerant).

- The C clef is on the third line so remember E is on the second line; then jump a semitone to find F between the first and second lines, note F which is met for the first time at tradidit.
- Classic jump a fourth up CF on summis, from final C to tenor F in this mode 8C.
- Walk slowly through sacerdotum and use the various lengthenings of A, starting from the episemed A at the end of the previous word principibus.
- Difficult interval a fourth down DA on et senioribus; transitional A so prepare for the next note C on "ni" and the ascending notes B-D-F, two minor thirds, on "o-ribus".
- At the end of autem: lengthen the note D and memorize it, you will come back to it at the end of eum, after sequebatur, make sure you get it right with the help of the episema.
- In the verse, on the word pharisaei, make sure to switch to D when singing the second "i".

Lesson IX. Nec...

LU712

OHS232

OHM232

9 Resp. Caligaverunt

LU712

GB3156

OHS232

OHM232

F♯/G

R. Worn out from weeping are My eyes: far from Me are all who could console Me. See, all you nations, * Whether there is any suffering like My suffering.
V. O all you who pass by the way, look and see Whether... Worn...

Good Friday - Tenebrae Lauds

1 Ant. Proprio Filio suo
Ps. 50. Miserere mei Deus secundum

LU712
GB2555

OHS234

G/B♭

God did not spare * even His own Son; He delivered Him up for us all.
- Roman version in OHS and Liber Usualis: normal psalm tone 7c, tenor is D, final is C.

OHM234

G/B♭

- OHM has a different melody from OHS.
- Also it has a transposed psalm tone which could be identified as ' 7f ': tenor is G, final is F.

2 Ant. Anxiatus est
Ps. 142. Domine exaudi... auribus

LU714

GB2753

OHS236

OHM236

F/F♯

My spirit is faint * within Me, My heart within Me is appalled.
- OHM has a different intonation for the 1st psalm verse:
E-GAA where OHS has A-GAA.
- OHM has a flex on verse 4 which OHS hasn't.

3 Ant. Ait latro
Ps. 84. Benedixisti

LU715
GB2552

OHS237

D/E♭

One robber said to the other, * "We are receiving what our deeds deserved; but what wrong has this Man done? Remember me, Lord, when You come into Your kingdom."

OHM237

D/E♭

- OHM has a different melody from OHS.

4 Ant. Dum conturbata
Cant. Domine audivi auditionem (Habacuc)

LU716

GB2827

OHS239

OHM239

D/E♭

When my soul * is in trouble, Lord, You will remember Your mercy.
- OHM has a flex on verses 12 and 17 which OHS hasn't.

5 Ant. Memento mei
Ps. 147. Lauda Jerusalem

LU718
GB1827

OHS241

E/F

Remember me, * Lord, when You come into Your kingdom.

OHM241

E/F

- OHM has a different melody from OHS.

- No chapter

- No hymn

V. Collocavit me

LU718

OHS242

OHM242

Ant Bene. Posuerunt
Cant. Benedictus

LU718
GB2896

OHS131

C/C♯

They put * above His head the charge against Him, written: "Jesus of Nazareth, the King of the Jews."

OHM131

C/C♯

- OHM has a different melody from OHS; among other things: B natural on posuerunt when OHS and Liber Usualis have a B flat. On the video they sing B natural although they display the melody from the Liber Usualis, which has a B flat... I think it sounds better with a B flat.

Ant. Christus factus est
+ Mortem autem crucis
Philipp. 2, 8-9.

LU659

GB1862

OHS136

OHM136

D/E♭

All kneel and sing.
Errata in English Liber Usualis: Mortem autem crucis is not added on Thursday but Friday.

+ Propter quod et Deus

LU659

OHS136

OHM136

Added on Holy Saturday.
Errata in English Liber Usualis: Propter quod et Deus is not added on Friday but Saturday.

Pater Noster in silence

LU660

OHS136

OHM136

Respice

LU660

OHS136

OHM136

Do not say Oremus.

Holy Saturday - Tenebrae Matins

- 1st Nocturn

LU752

OHS313

OHM313

1 Ant. In pace in idipsum
Ps. 4. Cum invocarem

LU752

GB2358

OHS313

OHM313

E/F

In peace * itself, I shall sleep and rest.

- Those who use the Liber Usualis: the psalm is taken from page 264 and you must remember to not sing the Gloria Patri at the end.

2 Ant. Habitabit
Ps. 14. Dominus quis habitabit

LU752

GB2374

OHS314

OHM314

F/F♯

He shall dwell * in Your tent, He shall rest on Your holy mountain.
- OHM has a different intonation for the 1st psalm verse:
E-GAA where OHS has A-GAA.
- OHM has a flex on verse 6 which OHS hasn't.

3 Ant. Caro mea
Ps. 15. Conserva me Domine

LU753
GB2667

OHS315

G/B♭

My body * shall rest in hope.
- Roman version in OHS and Liber Usualis: normal psalm tone 7c, tenor is D, final is C.

7c
tr.

OHM315

G/B♭

- OHM has a different melody from OHS.
- Also it has a transposed psalm tone which could be identified as ' 7f ': tenor is G, final is F.

V. In pace in idipsum

LU754

OHS316

OHM316

Pater Noster in silence

Lesson I. De lamentatione. HETH.
(Misericordiae Domini)

LU754

OHS317

OHM317

1 Resp. Sicut ovis

LU755

GB3205

OHS318

OHM318

F/G

R. Like a sheep He was led to the slaughter, and, though He was harshly treated, He opened not His mouth. He was delivered up to death, * That He might give life to His people.
V. He surrendered Himself to death and was counted among the wicked, That...

- Play these notes for the incipit: F-DE-E.
- Notice there is a B natural on male as well as tractaretur.
- Difficult interval of a sixth down AC at the full bar between os suum and traditus, it goes down from top A to bottom C. 1) One way to pitch it is to add a fifth down AD + one tone. 2) Another way is to pitch a third down AF to have the final note to be reached with C-DF. Take your time to get the tone right.
- Go through the quarter bar after vivificaret and jump lightly a 5th towards populum, it will sound better.
- Walk slowly through the word animam, there is no semitone here, succession of clivis and podatus. It seems easy but I found myself having difficulties. The goal is to reach the place of rest which is the first note E of the word suam, just before a quilisma and just after a semitone FE.
- After the verse you come back to ut vivificaret and the interval of a fourth DG seems to be a bit difficult. Both notes D and G are not the familiar tenor A or final E from mode 4, maybe that's why they are difficult to pitch. My way is to memorise the G from the porrectus on the previous word reputatus. Or you can project a fourth DG in your head...

Lesson II. ALEPH.

LU756
GB3076

OHS319

OHM319

2 Resp. Jerusalem

LU757

GB3076

OHS320

OHM320

F♯/G

R. Arise, Jerusalem, and take off the trappings of joy; put on sackcloth and ashes, * For in you has the Saviour of Israel been slain.
V. Let your tears flow like a torrent day and night; let there be no repose for your eyes. For...

- First thing to remember: climb up to top E on surge, so count the notes. It is a common mistake to stop at D.
- occisus has a succession of thirds: GB, BG and AF, dramatically expressing the word slain.
- Notice the B natural on the torculus ABA at Deduc, beginning of the verse.
- oculi has a double clivis semitonesque CB on "o", count the 4 notes to avoid singing "cu" too early. Stay on the same B for this syllable "cu".

Lesson III. Incipit.

LU758

OHS321

OHM321

Lesson III. Incipit.
(ad libitum)

LU760

OHS323

OHM323

3 Resp. Plange

LU761

GB3077

OHS325

OHM325

G♯/A

R. Lament like a virgin, My people. Howl, you shepherds, in sackcloth and ashes; * For the great day of the Lord has come, a day exceedingly bitter.
V. Gird yourselves, O priests, and weep, O ministers of the altar, sprinkle yourselves with ashes. For... Lament...

- Similar incipit as Resp. Ecce vidimus.
- Dramatic expression with a minor third top DF on the rendering of the word ululate: Howl.
- Minor third DF which is eventually repeated on the words cinere et cilicio. Remark that these words have the same patterns as from the previous Resp. Jerusalem, although with different notes: first one with AC and second one with top DF. Here is a comparison.
- Walk slowly through amara (bitter) and carefully place the various intervals.
- Notice the B natural on the torculus ABA at vos, beginning of the verse.
- Here also can be said what was said for the Resp. Ecce vidimus: in the end, after you sing a second time Quia venit dies Domini you go back to the beginning and there is a big difficulty: valde ends on D and Plange starts on B, that makes a strange interval of six semitones, between a fourth and a fifth. My trick? Visualise/sing the fifth in your head and lower down a semitone. Of course it will be easier if you remember the incipit by heart.

- 2nd Nocturn

LU762

OHS326

OHM326

1 Ant. Elevamini
Ps. 23. Domini est terra

LU762
GB2918

OHS326

A/B♭

Be upraised * eternal gates, and the King of Glory will enter in.

OHM326

A/B♭

- OHM has a different melody from OHS.
- OHM has a flex on verses 4 and 8 which OHS hasn't.

2 Ant. Credo videre
Ps. 26. Dominus illuminatio mea

LU763

GB1870

OHS327

OHM327

E/F

I believe I will see * the bounty of the Lord in the land of the living.
- OHM has a different intonation for the 1st psalm verse:
E-GAA where OHS has A-GAA.
- OHM has a flex on verse 18 which OHS hasn't.

3 Ant. Domine abstraxisti
Ps. 29. Exaltabo te Domine

LU764

GB2660

OHS329

OHM329

E/F

O Lord, * You brought My soul up from the netherworld.
- Read the difficult word abstraxisti once before singing it.

V. In pace in idipsum

LU765

OHS330

OHM330

Pater Noster in silence

Lesson IV. Accedet...

LU765

OHS330

OHM330

4 Resp. Recessit pastor

LU766

GB3221

OHS331

OHM331

C/C♯

R. Our Shepherd, the fountain of living waters, is gone. At His passing, the sun was darkened. * For he who held the first Man captive has now been taken captive himself. Today our Saviour has broken the bars and the very gates of death.
V. Yes, He has destroyed the prisons of hell and overthrown the power of the devil. For...

- Be careful at the incipit: after a fifth GD it does not peak with a semitone like Gaudeamus but a tone DE.
- After hominem jump a fourth. Visualise it before taking it.
- 1st line is a E so the note above is a semitone towards F. This note occurs during the verse.

Lesson V. Quo...

LU766

OHS331

OHM331

5 Resp. O vos omnes

LU767

GB3325

OHS332

OHM332

A/B♭

R. O all of you who pass by the way, look and see * Whether there is any suffering like My suffering.
V. Look, all you nations, and see My suffering, Whether...

- Some OHS print might miss a D at per viam. Check with the Liber Usualis.
- Tragic 5th down DG on dolor. To be rendered with expression.

Lesson VI. Posuerunt...

LU767

OHS332

OHM332

6 Resp. Ecce quomodo moritur

LU767

GB3149

OHS333

OHM333

C/C♯

R. See how the Just One dies, and no one takes it to heart; just men are taken away, with no one giving it a thought. The Just One is taken away from the presence of evil; * And the remembrance of Him shall be in peace.
V. Like a lamb before the shearers He was silent and opened not His mouth; He was taken away from distress and from judgement. And... See...

- Stay focus during the first part until the full bar, it all goes around EF, characteristic of mode 4.
- It eventually goes beyond A from et viri, starting by a fourth up.
- There is a B natural at iusti.
- Very difficult start after the full bar on a facie: the important note to reach is A, to be memorized from the end of the previous word considerat. Even if the first notes D-GG are not right make sure to hit the A.
- Lovely progression of a minor chord D-F-A on et erit; put expression on the various episemas and go calm for the next word pace
- Careful at the verse, very syllabic, don't miss a note and use the previous ones. For example at aperuit eos there is a double clivis GF, memorize the first one to go through the second one.
- The final coming back to the beginning, from memoria ejus to ecce is a 3rd down.

- 3rd Nocturn

LU768

OHS334

OHM334

1 Ant. Deus adjuvat me
Ps. 53. Deus in nomine tuo

LU768

GB2636

OHS334

OHM334

E/F

God is My helper, * and the Lord is the protector of my soul.
- OHM has a flex on verse 6 which OHS hasn't.

2 Ant. In pace factus est
Ps. 75. Notus in Judaea

LU769

GB2430

OHS335

OHM335

C/E♭

In peace * is His dwelling; He abides in Sion.

3 Ant. Factus sum
Ps. 87. Domine Deus salutis meae

LU770

GB2951

OHS336

OHM336

G/G♯

I am * a Man without help: free among the dead.
- OHM has a different intonation for the 1st psalm verse:
A-CDD where OHS has D-CDD.
- Strange mode 4, ending on A, normally mode 4 ends with E or B.
- Melody similar to the Angelus.

V. In pace factus est

LU771

OHS338

OHM338

Pater Noster in silence

Lesson VII. Christus...

LU771

OHS338

OHM338

7 Resp. Astiterunt reges

LU771

GB3184

OHS339

OHM339

B/C

R. The kings of the earth rise up, and the princes conspire together * Against the Lord and against His anointed.
V. Why do the nations rage and the peoples utter folly? Against...

- First: B natural on reges.
- The torculus on the word "et" at et adversus has a fourth down CG, prepare for it, it is not ACA it is ACG.
- Christum starts on a fourth up DG, here too visualize it ; the G has an episema to regroup. This lengthened G comes back again twice after that.
- In the verse don't forget to switch to A-B on sunt after the syllabic G on meditati.

Lesson VIII. Et ideo...

LU772

OHS339

OHM339

8 Resp. Aestimatus sum

LU772

GB3145

OHS339

OHM339

F/G

R. I am numbered with those who go down into the pit; * I have become like a man who needs no help, free among the dead.
V. They have plunged Me into the bottom of the pit, in darkness and in the shadow of death. I have become...

- Difficult neumes on descentibus especially coming back to F after the fifth down AD. My advice? Remember the F from "scen".
- Another difficult neume with a quilisma on Factus: it starts with D then tone towards E, then unusually jumps a minor third towards G. The G has an episema to regroup eventually. After that it it is a normal GAB as Do-Re-Mi, with B natural.
- Adjutorio starts on a minor third, prepare for this little jump.
- Walk carefully through inferiori, neumatic with double notes.

Lesson IX. Lecto...

LU773

OHS340

OHM340

9 Resp. Sepulto Domino

LU773

GB3190

OHS340

OHM340

E/F

R. After the Lord was laid in the sepulchre, the tomb was sealed. A stone was rolled to the entrance of the tomb, * And soldiers were set to guard Him.
V. The chief priests approached Pilate with their petition. And... After...

- The word petierunt is pronounced as pe-tsi-e-runt, don't forget the "tsi".

Holy Saturday - Tenebrae Lauds

1 Ant. O mors
Ps. 50. Miserere mei Deus secundum

LU773
GB1957

OHS341

G/G♯

O death, * I will be your death; hell, I will be your destruction!
- Melody similar to the Ant. Factus sum.
- Here too: strange mode 4, ending on A, normally mode 4 ends with E or B.

OHM341

G/G♯

- OHM has a similar melody to OHS but with one difference: a distropha instead of a dotted note.
- Also OHM has a different psalm tone from OHS. Here too OHM has a different intonation for the 1st psalm verse: A-CDD where OHS has D-CDD.

2 Ant. Plangent eum
Ps. 91. Bonum est confiteri Domino

4A*

LU775
GB2212

OHS343

D/E♭

They shall mourn for Him * as for an only son; for the Lord who is innocent has been slain.

OHM343

D/E♭

- OHM has a different melody from OHS.

3 Ant. Attendite universi
Ps. 63. Exaudi Deus... orationem

LU776
GB2263

OHS344

E/G

Look, * all you nations, and see My suffering.

OHM344

C/E♭

- OHM has a different melody from OHS.
- And a different psalm tone.

4 Ant. A porta inferi
Cant. Ezechiae

LU776A

GB2253

OHS346

OHM346

F♯/G

From the gate of hell * deliver My soul, O Lord.
- OHM has a different ending for the psalm verses.

5 Ant. O vos omnes
Ps. 150. Laudate Dominum in sanctis

LU776B
GB1901

OHS347

A/B♭

O all you * who pass by the way, look and see whether there is any suffering like My suffering.

OHM347

A/B♭

- OHM has a similar melody to OHS but with two differences: a distropha instead of a dotted note and a cephalicus instead of a clivis.
- Also OHM has a different psalm tone from OHS.

- No chapter

- No hymn

V. Caro mea

LU776B

OHS348

OHM348

Ant Bene. Mulieres
Cant. Benedictus

LU776B
GB2288

OHS132

C/C♯

The women * sitting at the sepulchre were weeping and lamenting for the Lord.

OHM132

C/C♯

- OHM has a different melody from OHS; among other things: B natural on mulieres when OHS and Liber Usualis have a B flat. On the video they sing B natural although they display the melody from the Liber Usualis, which has a B flat... I think it sounds better with a B flat.

Ant. Christus factus est
+ Mortem autem crucis
+ Propter quod et Deus
Philipp. 2, 8-9.

LU659

GB1862

OHS136

OHM136

D/E♭

All kneel and sing.
Errata in English Liber Usualis: Propter quod et Deus is not added on Friday but Saturday.

Pater Noster in silence

Concede

LU660

OHS137

OHM137

Do not say Oremus.

Maundy Thursday	→	Tenebrae: Matins + Lauds.
Good Friday	→	Tenebrae: Matins + Lauds.
Holy Saturday	→	Tenebrae: Matins + Lauds.